National Development Planning Agency estimates that in the next five years illusions about unemployment in Indonesia is still be bleak due to the unavailability of employment.
In this regard, countries still need to develop intensive industries and workers is not possible to switch to modern technology since the structure of the labor force, workers, and unemployment according to education is still dominated by primary school graduates down.
National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas) also estimates that in 2004 the number of labor force will reach 102.88 million people, including a new labor force of 2.10 million. Additional jobs are created only 10.83 million people.
Job creation can not compensate for the growth of new labor force that causes the open unemployment rate in 2004 rose to 10.83 million people (10.32 per cent of the workforce), from the previous year 10.13 million people (9.85 percent of the force work).
Increased rates of open unemployment is still expected to continue in 2005, where the unemployment rate is projected to be 11.19 million people or 10.45 percent of the workforce (see table). This projection was made with the assumption that economic growth in Indonesia in 2004 and 2005 respectively 4.49 percent and 5.03 percent.
State Minister for National Development Planning / Head of Bappenas Kwik Kian Gie said, with an estimated economic growth of 5.03 percent in 2005, which created employment only 1.75 million people and open unemployment reached 11.19 million or 10.45 per cent of the total workforce.
Economic growth is estimated to 4.49 percent in 2004 and 5.03 percent in 2005 considered at all does not guarantee the opening of employment opportunities. Because new investments tend to use modern and sophisticated machines that do not require many workers.
Kwik revealed that the seminar "Market-Friendly Job Market" at the Hotel Borobudur, Jakarta, Tuesday (9 / 9). Other speakers at the seminar include the Director of Employment and Economic Analysis of Bappenas Bambang Widianto, an economist from the Australian National University (ANU) Chris Manning, Chairman of the Indonesian Employers Association (Apindo) Soedjai Kartasasmita, and Chairman of the Confederation of Indonesian Prosperous Labor Union (SBSI) Rekson Silaban.
According to Huey, the main challenge facing governments is to continue growing the number of unemployed. Data in 2002 showed, the number of open unemployment reached 9.13 million people or 9.06 percent of the total labor force. This amount is twice more than the number of open unemployment of 4.3 million people or 4.86 per cent in 1996, or the year before the crisis.
Data do not include half of the unemployed, ie people who work less than 35 hours per week, which amounted to 28.9 million people in 2002.
Even more alarming is the continued decline of formal employment opportunities, both rural and urban. The number of formal workers in the countryside who have fixed wage or waged workers in 2001 decreased by 3.3 million people. In 2002, the number of urban formal workers decreases and 469,000 people in rural areas decreased 1.1 million people.
"This indicator shows, employment opportunities created during the years 2001 and 2002 have low quality because more job opportunities created in the informal sector," he said.
In the meantime, there is a tendency in large corporations have increased wages higher than the growth of added value. "If this is true, as a sign that the competitiveness of Indonesian labor decline, though much needed to face global competition," said Huey explained.
According to him, in order to increase employment, economic growth should be able to reach six to seven percent. Yet, to achieve seven percent growth is very difficult, because it relies on new investments. In the meantime, investors will not choose Indonesia as a place to invest because of the economic cost is very high, due to the strength of corruption, collusion and nepotism (KKN).
"If you want investors to come to Indonesia, corruption must be eradicated completely, not just by the way, but the perpetrators must be punished completely indiscriminate," Huey said firmly.
Silencer
With current conditions, according to Huey, the preferred investment sector that is not too modern and sophisticated machines without using. He said also, during the informal sector, considered to be very helpful to absorb the people who are unemployed, but creative and a silencer in the middle of the global market. However, that does not mean the formal sector is negligible.
Director of Employment and Economic Analysis of Bappenas Bambang Widianto explained, the next five years this country still have to develop a solid industry workers and highly unlikely to switch to modern technology.
The reason, the structure of the labor force, workers, and unemployment according to education is still dominated by primary school graduates (SD) to the bottom. For the labor force in 2002, primary school educated down to reach 59.05 million people or about 58.6 percent of the labor force.
Development assessed by Bambang concern is the tendency of the informal sector shrinking period 2001-2002, coupled with a growing wage differentials between workers in the broad formal and informal sectors. Another factor is the decrease in productivity in the manufacturing industry and rising youth unemployment, which is 15-19 years.
In the meantime, there are some rules that potentially cause infleksibilitas job market. For example, regulations relating to the protection in the workplace, regarding termination of employment (FLE), and related to the minimum wage.
as well as in Purwakarta unemployment is still too much, especially the high school graduates adam college even though the most dominant ..
many are hoping in the future the government can streamline the number of unemployed soared each year more ...
Source: (Eta) Kompas Daily, Jakarta
excerpt from http://www.silaban.net
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